Hi everybody it is Dr. Jeff Dorfman with The Center for Special Dentistry in New York giving an explanation of dental implants on a model. Here we have the upper left jaw of an adult female patient. These are three porcelain crowns that I can remove individually. Below that are three custom abutments which are stage two dental implants. Notice around them there is fake pink gum. This helps the ceramist decide the emergence in how the porcelain needs to come out from the gum so there is not a black line seen around the gum. If I take this off in pieces, you can see inside the second stage dental implant abutments (stage two implants). These are custom abutments and are screwed into the dental implants buried under the gum. Once I loosen it, you can see a dental lab analog which is placed into the master model, into which the screw threading of the second stage abutment connects. There is a screw threading here, and just beyond it you can see a hexagonal shape of a male attachment and it’s the hexagonal male and the screw threading both engaged to the dental implant. You should be able to see the hex inside the stage one dental implant analog. The second one is removed here and as well as the third one and these stage two dental implants are custom abutments made by the dental lab. We can also peel off the synthetic gum to give a better idea of how the dental implants look inside the bone. Note this is an upper jaw that is upside down at the moment. If I retrace my steps, you will see the hex of the implant fit into the hex of the dental implant. This is not easy to do when you are working inside the patient’s mouth and want to avoid dropping pieces in the back of the mouth. You will see the next one fitting into the hex and then getting screwed in like this. Notice the screw access in this design is actually on the facial side. You can see how the stage two custom abutments engage and connects into the stage one dental implant that is below the jaw bone. The crowns will fit on like so. The gray line by the gum line for the dental implants is the reason for using this analog gum so that when the crowns are inserted the metal margin is hidden.